Node.js Runtime Environment Overview

Node.js, also known as Node, is an open-source JavaScript runtime environment that allows JavaScript code to run outside the browser. Founded by Ryan Dahl in 2009, Node.js leverages the V8 JavaScript engine from Google Chrome and runs on Windows, Linux, Unix, and macOS. Its key features include event-driven and non-blocking I/O, making it ideal for handling large-scale concurrent connections, which is beneficial for real-time applications like online games, chat apps, and communication services. Node.js adopts a modular architecture facilitated by npm (Node Package Manager), enabling code sharing and reuse within its ecosystem. Beyond server-side development, Node.js is utilized in toolchains, desktop apps, and IoT devices. It supports file system operations, database management, and networking, allowing developers to build full-stack applications efficiently in JavaScript. Many enterprises such as Netflix, PayPal, and Walmart use Node.js to enhance application performance, streamline development, and respond quickly to market demands.