Java复数类设计与实现

本部分代码实现了一个简单的复数类 Complex，包含实部和虚部属性，并实现了加法、减法和比较运算。

public class Complex {

    private double real; // 实部
    private double imag; // 虚部

    public Complex(double real, double imag) {
        this.real = real;
        this.imag = imag;
    }

    // 加法
    public Complex add(Complex other) {
        double newReal = this.real + other.real;
        double newImag = this.imag + other.imag;
        return new Complex(newReal, newImag);
    }

    // 减法
    public Complex subtract(Complex other) {
        double newReal = this.real - other.real;
        double newImag = this.imag - other.imag;
        return new Complex(newReal, newImag);
    }

    // 比较是否相等
    public boolean equals(Complex other) {
        return this.real == other.real && this.imag == other.imag;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return real + " + " + imag + "i";
    }

    // 测试代码
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Complex c1 = new Complex(1.0, 2.0);
        Complex c2 = new Complex(3.0, 4.0);

        System.out.println("c1: " + c1);
        System.out.println("c2: " + c2);

        Complex sum = c1.add(c2);
        System.out.println("c1 + c2: " + sum);

        Complex diff = c1.subtract(c2);
        System.out.println("c1 - c2: " + diff);

        boolean isEqual = c1.equals(c2);
        System.out.println("c1 equals c2: " + isEqual);
    }
}

代码说明:

1. Complex 类包含两个私有成员变量 real 和 imag，分别表示复数的实部和虚部。
2. 构造函数用于初始化复数对象。
3. add 方法实现两个复数的加法运算。
4. subtract 方法实现两个复数的减法运算。
5. equals 方法判断两个复数是否相等。
6. toString 方法返回复数的字符串表示形式。