iOS蓝牙4.0 CoreBluetooth通讯(服务端+客户端)

在iOS平台上,蓝牙4.0通信技术通过Core Bluetooth框架提供了一种低功耗、高效的数据交换方式,使得设备间能够实现无线通信。本教程将详细讲解如何使用Core Bluetooth进行服务端(Central)与客户端(Peripheral)的交互。一、Core Bluetooth框架介绍Core Bluetooth是Apple为iOS和macOS设备提供的API,用于实现蓝牙低功耗(Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE)通信。它支持在设备之间建立连接、扫描周边设备、发现服务、读写特征值以及接收通知,适用于物联网(IoT)场景。二、服务端(Peripheral)开发1.初始化CBPeripheralManager:首先创建一个CBPeripheralManager实例,设置代理并启动。 ```swift let peripheralManager = CBPeripheralManager(delegate: self, queue: nil) peripheralManager.start() ``` 2.定义服务(CBService):创建一个自定义的服务UUID,并添加到外围设备。 ```swift let serviceUUID = CBUUID(string: "your_service_UUID") let customService = CBMutableService(type: serviceUUID, primary: true) ``` 3.定义特性(CBCharacteristic):创建一个或多个特性UUID,附加到服务上。 ```swift let characteristicUUID = CBUUID(string: "your_characteristic_UUID") let customCharacteristic = CBMutableCharacteristic(type: characteristicUUID, properties: [.read, .writeWithoutResponse], value: nil) customService.characteristics = [customCharacteristic] ``` 4.添加服务到外围设备:将定义好的服务添加到CBPeripheralManager。 ```swift peripheralManager.add(customService) ``` 5.广播服务:更新外围设备的广告数据,使其他设备可以发现。 ```swift peripheralManager.startAdvertising([customService]) ```三、客户端(Central)开发1.初始化CBCentralManager:创建CBCentralManager实例,设置代理并启动。 ```swift let centralManager = CBCentralManager(delegate: self, queue: nil) centralManager.scanForPeripherals(withServices: nil, options: nil) centralManager.connect(peripheral, options: nil) ``` 2.搜索外围设备:通过扫描指定服务的设备。 3.连接外围设备:找到目标设备后,发起连接请求。 4.探索服务:连接成功后,获取设备上的所有服务。 ```swift centralManager.discoverServices(nil, for: peripheral) ``` 5.探索特性:找到感兴趣的服务后,进一步查找其特性。 ```swift centralManager.discoverCharacteristics(nil, for: service) ``` 6.读取/写入数据:通过读取或写入特性值实现数据交换。 ```swift peripheral.readValue(for: characteristic) peripheral.writeValue(data, for: characteristic, type: .withoutResponse) ``` 7.监听通知:订阅特性,当特性值发生变化时,会接收到通知。 ```swift characteristic.setNotifyValue(true, for: self) ```四、事件处理与回调Core Bluetooth的大部分操作是异步的,需要通过代理方法来处理事件。例如,连接状态变化、扫描结果、服务和特性发现等,都需要在对应的代理方法中进行响应。五、注意点1. Core Bluetooth在后台运行有限制,确保正确配置App的后台模式。 2.蓝牙操作应避免在主线程进行,以免阻塞UI。 3.设备间的通信范围通常在10米左右,确保设备在有效范围内。 4.保持代码健壮性,处理可能的错误和异常情况。通过以上步骤,开发者可以构建自己的iOS蓝牙4.0服务端和客户端应用,实现设备间的无线通信。这个蓝牙Demo项目提供了一个基础框架,开发者可以根据需求进行扩展和完善。在实际开发过程中,记得不断测试和优化,确保应用程序的稳定性和用户体验。
0  corebluetooth 通讯(服务端+客户端)
iOS蓝牙4.0 CoreBluetooth 通讯(服务端+客户端) 预估大小:148个文件
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zip 文件大小:183.01KB